The Preparation of a Carbonaceous Adsorbent via Batch Pyrolysis of Waste Hemp Shives

The study focuses on the two-stage process of thermal treatment waste hemp shives aimed at obtaining a carbonaceous adsorbent. In first stage, pyrolysis was carried out in retort apparatus, which, temperatures range 450–850 °C, provided approximately 22.6–29.9% solid residue, 31.6–34.0% condensate, and 38.5–43.4% gas with respect to charge. organic part condensates showed net calorific value 30.8–31.3 MJ kg−1, which makes it well suited for energy purposes. separated gases, GC-TCD-FID determined only five compounds, namely carbon dioxide, monoxide, hydrogen, methane, ethane, together accounted 98.5–99.8% volume. remainder composed mainly ethene, propane, propene. highest (14.7–14.8 m−3) exhibited by collected 450–650 can be advantageously used Non-activated residues had relatively low specific surface areas (BET), being 294 m2 g−1. Therefore, they were activated steam separate apparatus temperature 740–900 °C. activation operated batch reactor similar design retort. increased area up maximum 915 This discusses significant trends total pore volume caused combination different temperatures. Better results generally obtained pyrolyzed lower then high structure products mostly contained pores diameter < 6 nm. Their development facilitated 850 resulting relative presence these 57.9–59.1%. All also characterized an proportion 20–80 nm pores, formed, however, one-third comparison Last but not least, effect conditions loss product.